Phoenix
Likely a nickname surname, originally from the mythical bird or from the word for a rare, exceptional person.
The #9,745 most common surname in the United States (2010 Census) — about 1 in every 92,828 Americans shares it.
Etymology
This surname is usually explained as a nickname rather than a place-name or occupation. The word comes ultimately from Greek and Latin phoenix, the name of the fabulous bird associated with rebirth, and in medieval English and French it could also mean a striking or exemplary person. In that sense, Phoenix may have begun as a descriptive label for someone considered singular, admirable, or perhaps simply memorable.
History
19th- and early-20th-century surname writers often treated Phoenix as a nickname surname, and one source notes that the word was current in Middle English with the sense of a paragon. Another suggests that some examples may reflect popular spellings or forms influenced by medieval French, rather than direct reference to the bird. The name is uncommon in modern records, and the small number of bearers in the U.S. suggests it has always been relatively rare.
Origin
Regions
Variant spellings
Fun fact
A 1916 surname study explicitly says Phoenix ‘appears to be a nick-name’ and ties it to the medieval sense of a ‘paragon.’
From the historical record
“PHCENIX (Gr.) Dweller at the sign of the Phoenix , \Lai. phmiix, Or. <j)dlri^ PHYSICK, a corrupt iorm of Fishwick (q.v.), through the intermediate form Fishick (found in a i7th-cent. London Register).”
— Surnames of the United Kingdom: a concise etymological dictionary (2 vols in 1)