Tatum
An English surname that most likely began as a place-name form, especially a shortened or altered form of Tatham or Taunton.
The #1,451 most common surname in the United States (2010 Census) — about 1 in every 12,572 Americans shares it.
Etymology
The historical sources point to Tatum as a reduced or altered form of other English place-derived surnames, especially Tatham and possibly Taunton. The underlying elements in these names are Old English place-name words, including tūn, meaning an estate, farm, or settlement. In other words, Tatum probably began as a surname for someone from a particular place, rather than as a nickname or occupation.
History
Nineteenth-century surname writers treat Tatum as an English local surname rather than a separate root form. In later English-speaking usage it became established in Britain and especially the United States, where it is now a moderately common surname. Because the early evidence is a bit compressed and derivative, the name should be read as a variant-style surname with multiple possible place-name associations rather than one single certain origin.
Origin
Regions
Variant spellings
Fun fact
The surname appears in old reference works as a shorthand or contracted form of longer place-based names, which is why it can look deceptively simple today.
From the historical record
“(v. under. Tait(e) -|- O.E. tUn, estate, etc.] TATUM for Tatham, q.v. TAUNTON (Celt. + E.) Bel. to Taunton : v. Tanton'. TAVENER ^ TAVERNER TAVERNOR”
— Surnames of the United Kingdom: a concise etymological dictionary (2 vols in 1)